Using MMA files with the Timidity MIDI player.

The program timidity is pretty neat. It lets people who don't have a
real, external sequencer (or a sequencer built in to a sound card) play
MIDI files though the computer sound system. Most distributions already
have this program installed. This file attempts to show a few tricks
I've learned. It is not a timidity how-to or primer.

Begin by making sure that you have timidity installed. Typing something like

	  timidity <enter>

from the command line should bring up a copyright message like:

  TiMidity++ version 2.13.2 -- MIDI to WAVE converter and player
  Copyright (C) 1999-2004 Masanao Izumo <iz@onicos.co.jp>
  Copyright (C) 1995 Tuukka Toivonen <tt@cgs.fi>
 ..............


If you get a message with "command not found" ... then you'll have
to find and install timidity first. Check the docs and repositories
for your distribution.

Now, try it with a real file:

	 timidity somefile.mid

should play the MIDI file specified though your computer sound system.
If it doesn't, stop and figure it out. Read the manual, etc.

Timidity works by using something called a soundfont. Using this it
converts each MIDI sound instruction into an audio signal. Don't worry
about how it does that ... but, remember that quality of the generated
sound relies on the quality for the soundfont. The default distributions
I've seen have some pretty crappy sounds.

So, upgrade the sounds by installing a better font. I've installed something
called Airfont 340.sf2 and it sounds good. I'll not give a link here (since
they do move around), but if you Google for "airfont + 340 + sf2" you should
find it. The file is about 80 MEG, so be patient.

To get timidity to use an sf2 file you have to do 2 things:

   1. Put the file somewhere that timidity can find it. In most cases
      moving the file to /usr/share/timidity should do the trick.

   2. Update the timidity config file. In my case I had to change 2 files:

      i. In /usr/share/timidity create the file timidity.cfg. It
         has a single line:

               soundfont "Airfont 380.sf2" order=0

         the quotes are there since the file name has a space in it.

      ii. In /etc/timidity create the link:

             cd /etc/timidity; ln -s /usr/share/timidity/timidity.cfg


A simpler method I'm now using is to store the sound fonts in my personal
directory. I'm doing this mainly to make backups simpler (my backup
procedures don't know about files in /usr). So, I have a directory
"/home/bob/sounds/sfx-lib" into which my various soundfonts go. And
a one line /etc/timidity/timidity.cfg file with a line like
"soundfont /home/bob/....".

Of course, you'll have to do the above as root.


You can use timidity to create a wav file directly from a MMA midi. This
file can be used in a program like audacity. Simple:

	 timidity -Ow -ooutfile.wav somefile.mid

It is fun to split the MIDI tracks into separate audio tracks. That
way you can change, for example, the volume for the bass part only
in a program like audacity. Again, timidity is your friend.

For this to work, you need to have a dummy sequence point in each
MMA MIDI track. When you generate the file, use the -0 option:

	mma -0 somefile.mma

will generate somefile.mid with a "tick" at the start of all the tracks.
Now, check to see what tracks were created:

	 mma -c somefile.mma

Assuming that you have MIDI data on tracks 10, 15 and 16:

     for a in 10 15 16;do timidity -Ow -Q0 -Q-$a -o$a.wav;done

A little program, timsplit.py, which does all the above for you
in a slightly different manner has been included in the the MMA
distribution in the util directory. Read the file README.timsplit
for details.

Have fun,

Bvdp, March/2008