Symbols and Constants

This appendix is a reference to the chords that MMA recognizes and name/value tables for drum and instrument names. The tables have been auto-generated by MMA using the -D options.

Chord Names

MMA recognizes standard chord names as listed below. The names are case sensitive and must be entered in uppercase letters as shown:

A A$\sharp$ A$\flat$ B B$\sharp$ B$\flat$ C C$\sharp$ C$\flat$ D D$\sharp$ D$\flat$ E E$\sharp$ E$\flat$ F F$\sharp$ F$\flat$ G G$\sharp$ G$\flat$

Please note that in your input files you must use a lowercase ``b'' or an ``&'' to represent a $\flat$ and a ``#'' for a $\sharp$.

All ``7th'' chords are ``dominante 7th'' unless specifically noted as ``major''. A dominant 7th has a flattened 7th note (in a C7 chord this is a b$\flat$; a C Major 7th chord has a b$\natural$).

For a more detailed listing of the chords, notes and scales you should download the document www.mellowood.ca/mma/chords.pdf.gz.

The following types of chords are recognized (these are case sensitive and must be in the mixed upper and lowercase shown):

$\sharp$5	Augmented triad.
($\flat$5)	Major triad with flat 5th.
+	Augmented triad.
+7	An augmented chord (raised 5th) with a dominant 7th.
+7$\flat$9$\sharp$11	Augmented 7th with flat 9th and sharp 11th.
+9	7th plus 9th with sharp 5th (same as aug9).
+9M7	An augmented chord (raised 5th) with a major 7th and 9th.
+M7	Major 7th with sharp 5th.
11	9th chord plus 11th (3rd not voiced).
11$\flat$9	7th chord plus flat 9th and 11th.
13	7th (including 5th) plus 13th (the 9th and 11th are not voiced).
13$\sharp$11	7th plus sharp 11th and 13th (9th not voiced).
13$\sharp$9	7th (including 5th) plus 13th and sharp 9th (11th not voiced).
13$\flat$5	7th with flat 5th, plus 13th (the 9th and 11th are not voiced).
13$\flat$9	7th (including 5th) plus 13th and flat 9th (11th not voiced).
13sus	7sus, plus 9th and 13th
13sus$\flat$9	7sus, plus flat 9th and 13th
5	Altered Fifth or Power Chord; root and 5th only.
6	Major tiad with added 6th.
6(add9)	6th with added 9th. This is sometimes notated as a slash chord in the form ``6/9''.
69	6th with added 9th. This is sometimes notated as a slash chord in the form ``6/9''.
7	7th.
7$\sharp$11	7th plus sharp 11th (9th omitted).
7$\sharp$5	An augmented chord (raised 5th) with a dominant 7th.
7$\sharp$5$\sharp$9	7th with sharp 5th and sharp 9th.
7$\sharp$5$\flat$9	An augmented chord (raised 5th) with a dominant 7th and flat 9th.
7$\sharp$9	7th with sharp 9th.
7$\sharp$9$\sharp$11	7th plus sharp 9th and sharp 11th.
7$\sharp$9$\flat$13	7th with sharp 9th and flat 13th.
7(omit3)	7th with unvoiced 3rd.
7+	An augmented chord (raised 5th) with a dominant 7th.
7+5	An augmented chord (raised 5th) with a dominant 7th.
7+9	7th with sharp 9th.
7-5	7th, flat 5.
7-9	7th with flat 9th.
7alt	7th with flat 5th and flat 9th.
7$\flat$5	7th, flat 5.
7$\flat$5$\sharp$9	7th with flat 5th and sharp 9th.
7$\flat$5$\flat$9	7th with flat 5th and flat 9th.
7$\flat$9	7th with flat 9th.
7$\flat$9$\sharp$11	7th plus flat 9th and sharp 11th.
7omit3	7th with unvoiced 3rd.
7sus	7th with suspended 4th, dominant 7th with 3rd raised half tone.
7sus2	A sus2 with dominant 7th added.
7sus4	7th with suspended 4th, dominant 7th with 3rd raised half tone.
7sus$\flat$9	7th with suspended 4th and flat 9th.
9	7th plus 9th.
9$\sharp$11	7th plus 9th and sharp 11th.
9$\sharp$5	7th plus 9th with sharp 5th (same as aug9).
9+5	7th plus 9th with sharp 5th (same as aug9).
9-5	7th plus 9th with flat 5th.
9$\flat$5	7th plus 9th with flat 5th.
9sus	7sus plus 9th.
M	Major triad. This is the default and is used in the absense of any other chord type specification.
M13	Major 7th (including 5th) plus 13th (9th and 11th not voiced).
M13$\sharp$11	Major 7th plus sharp 11th and 13th (9th not voiced).
M6	Major tiad with added 6th.
M7	Major 7th.
M7$\sharp$11	Major 7th plus sharp 11th (9th omitted).
M7$\sharp$5	Major 7th with sharp 5th.
M7(add13)	7th (including 5th) plus 13th and flat 9th (11th not voiced).
M7+5	Major 7th with sharp 5th.
M7-5	Major 7th with a flat 5th.
M7$\flat$5	Major 7th with a flat 5th.
M9	Major 7th plus 9th.
M9$\sharp$11	Major 9th plus sharp 11th.
add9	Major chord plus 9th (no 7th.)
aug	Augmented triad.
aug7	An augmented chord (raised 5th) with a dominant 7th.
aug7$\sharp$9	An augmented chord (raised 5th) with a dominant 7th and sharp 9th.
aug7$\flat$9	An augmented chord (raised 5th) with a dominant 7th and flat 9th.
aug9	7th plus 9th with sharp 5th (same as aug9).
aug9M7	An augmented chord (raised 5th) with a major 7th and 9th.
dim	A dim7, not a triad!
dim3	Diminished triad (non-standard notation).
dim7	Diminished seventh.
dim7(addM7)	Diminished tirad with added Major 7th.
m	Minor triad.
m$\sharp$5	Minor triad with augmented 5th.
m$\sharp$7	Minor Triad plus Major 7th. You will also see this printed as ``m(maj7)'', ``m+7'', ``min(maj7)'' and ``min$\sharp$7'' (which MMA accepts); as well as the MMA invalid forms: ``-($\Delta$7)'', and ``min$\natural$7''.
m(add9)	Minor triad plus 9th (no 7th).
m($\flat$5)	Minor triad with flat 5th (aka dim).
m(maj7)	Minor Triad plus Major 7th. You will also see this printed as ``m(maj7)'', ``m+7'', ``min(maj7)'' and ``min$\sharp$7'' (which MMA accepts); as well as the MMA invalid forms: ``-($\Delta$7)'', and ``min$\natural$7''.
m(sus9)	Minor triad plus 9th (no 7th).
m+5	Minor triad with augmented 5th.
m+7	Minor Triad plus Major 7th. You will also see this printed as ``m(maj7)'', ``m+7'', ``min(maj7)'' and ``min$\sharp$7'' (which MMA accepts); as well as the MMA invalid forms: ``-($\Delta$7)'', and ``min$\natural$7''.
m+7$\sharp$9	Augmented minor 7 plus sharp 9th.
m+7$\flat$9	Augmented minor 7 plus flat 9th.
m+7$\flat$9$\sharp$11	Augmented minor 7th with flat 9th and sharp 11th.
m11	9th with minor 3rd, plus 11th.
m11$\flat$5	Minor 7th with flat 5th plus 11th.
m13	Minor 7th (including 5th) plus 13th (9th and 11th not voiced).
m6	Minor 6th (flat 3rd plus a 6th).
m6(add9)	Minor 6th with added 9th. This is sometimes notated as a slash chord in the form ``m6/9''.
m69	Minor 6th with added 9th. This is sometimes notated as a slash chord in the form ``m6/9''.
m7	Minor 7th (flat 3rd plus dominant 7th).
m7$\sharp$9	Minor 7th with added sharp 9th.
m7($\sharp$9)	Minor 7th with added sharp 9th.
m7(add11)	Minor 7th plus 11th.
m7(add13)	Minor 7th plus 13th.
m7($\flat$9)	Minor 7th with added flat 9th.
m7(omit5)	Minor 7th with unvoiced 5th.
m7-5	Minor 7th, flat 5 (aka 1/2 diminished).
m7$\flat$5	Minor 7th, flat 5 (aka 1/2 diminished).
m7$\flat$5$\flat$9	Minor 7th with flat 5th and flat 9th.
m7$\flat$9	Minor 7th with added flat 9th.
m7$\flat$9$\sharp$11	Minor 7th plus flat 9th and sharp 11th.
m7omit5	Minor 7th with unvoiced 5th.
m9	Minor triad plus 7th and 9th.
m9$\sharp$11	Minor 7th plus 9th and sharp 11th.
m9$\flat$5	Minor triad, flat 5, plus 7th and 9th.
mM7	Minor Triad plus Major 7th. You will also see this printed as ``m(maj7)'', ``m+7'', ``min(maj7)'' and ``min$\sharp$7'' (which MMA accepts); as well as the MMA invalid forms: ``-($\Delta$7)'', and ``min$\natural$7''.
mM7(add9)	Minor Triad plus Major 7th and 9th.
maj13	Major 7th (including 5th) plus 13th (9th and 11th not voiced).
maj7	Major 7th.
maj9	Major 7th plus 9th.
m$\flat$5	Minor triad with flat 5th (aka dim).
min$\sharp$7	Minor Triad plus Major 7th. You will also see this printed as ``m(maj7)'', ``m+7'', ``min(maj7)'' and ``min$\sharp$7'' (which MMA accepts); as well as the MMA invalid forms: ``-($\Delta$7)'', and ``min$\natural$7''.
min(maj7)	Minor Triad plus Major 7th. You will also see this printed as ``m(maj7)'', ``m+7'', ``min(maj7)'' and ``min$\sharp$7'' (which MMA accepts); as well as the MMA invalid forms: ``-($\Delta$7)'', and ``min$\natural$7''.
omit3(add9)	Triad: root, 5th and 9th.
omit3add9	Triad: root, 5th and 9th.
sus	Suspended 4th, major triad with the 3rd raised half tone.
sus2	Suspended 2nd, major triad with the major 2nd above the root substituted for 3rd.
sus4	Suspended 4th, major triad with the 3rd raised half tone.
sus9	7sus plus 9th.

In modern pop charts the ``M'' in a major 7th chord (and other major chords) is often represented by a ``$\Delta$''. When entering these chords, just replace the ``$\Delta$'' with an ``M''. For example, change ``G$\Delta$7'' to ``GM7''.

A chord name without a type is interpreted as a major chord (or triad). For example, the chord ``C'' is identical to ``CM''.

MMA has an large set of defined chords. However, you can add your own with the DEFCHORD command, details here.

Octave Adjustment

Depending on the key and chord sequence, a chord may end up in the wrong octave. This is caused by MMA 's internal routines which create a chord: all of the tables are maintained for a ``C'' chord and the others are derived from that point by subtracting or adding a constant. To compensate you can add a leading ``-'' or ``+'' to the chordname to force the movement of that chord and scale up or down an octave.

For example, the following line will move the chord up and down for the third and fourth beats:

Cm Fm -Gm +D7

The effect of octave shifting is also highly dependent on the voicing options in effect for the track.

You'll have to listen to the MMA output to detemine when and where to use this adjustment. Hopefully, it won't be needed all that much.

If you have a large number of chords to adjust, use the CHORDADJUST command , here.

Altered Chords

According to Standardized Chord Symbol Notation altered chords should be written in the form Cmi $^{7}(^{\flat{}9}_{\sharp{}5})$. However, this is pretty hard to type (and parse). So, we've used the convention that the altered intervals should be written in numerical order: Cm$\sharp$5$\flat$9. Also, note that we use ``m'' for ``minor'' which appears to be more the conventional method than ``mi''.

Diminished Chords

In most pop and jazz charts it is assumed that a diminished chord is always a diminished 7th ...a diminished triad is never played. MMA continues this, sometimes erroneous assumption.^A.1You can change the behaviour in several ways: change the chord notes and scale for a ``dim'' from a dim7 to a triad by following the instructions here; use the slightly oddball notation of ``m$\flat$5'' which generates a ``diminished tirad''; or use the more-oddball notation ``dim3''.

Notational notes: In printed music a ``diminished'' chord is sometimes represented with a small circle symbol (eg. ``FO'') and a ``half-diminished'' as a small slashed circle (e.g., ``CØ'').

A half-diminished chord in MMA is specified with the notation ``m7$\flat$5''.

Slash Chords

Charts sometimes use slash chords in the form ``Am/E''. This notation is used, mainly, to indicate chord inversions. For example, the chord notes in ``Am/E'' become ``E'', ``A'' and ''C'' with the ``E'' taking the root position. MMA will accept chords of this type. However, you may not notice any difference in the generated tracks due to the inversions used by the current pattern.

You may also encounter slash chords where the slash-part of the chord is not a note in the chord. Consider the ambiguous notation ``Dm/C''. The composer (or copyist) might mean to add a ``C'' bass note to a ``Dm'' chord, or she might mean ``Dm7'', or even an inverted ``Dm7''. MMA will handle these ...almost perfectly. When the ``slash'' part of the chord indicates a note which is not a note in the chord, MMA assumes that the indicated note should be used in the bass line. Since each chord generated by MMA also has a ``scale'' associated with it for use by bass and scale patterns this works. For example, a C Major chord will have the scale ``c, d, e, f, g, a, b''; a C Minor chord has the same scale, but with an e$\flat$. If the slash note is contained in the scale, the scale will be rotated so that the note becomes the ``root'' note.

A warning message will be printed if the note is not in both the chord and the scale.

Another notation you may see is something like ``Dm/9''. Again, the meaning is not clear. It probably means a ``Dm9'', or ``Dm9/E'' ... but since MMA isn't sure this notation will generate an error.

Please note that for fairly obvious reasons you cannot have both slash notation and an inversion (see the next section).

For more details on ``slash chords'' your favorite music theory book or teacher is highly recommended!

Chord Inversions

Instead of using a slash chord you can specify an inversion to use with a chord. The notation is simply an ``>'' and a number between -5 and 5 immediately following the chord name.

The chord will be ``rotated'' as specified by the value after the ``>''.

For example, the chord ``C>2'' will generate the notes G, C and E; ``F>-1'' gives C, F and A.

There is an important difference between this option and a slash chord: in inversions neither the root note nor the associated scale are modified.

MIDI Voices

When setting a voice for a track (IE Bass Voice NN), you can specify the patch to use with a symbolic constant. Any combination of upper and lower case is permitted. The following are the names with the equivalent voice numbers:

Voices, Alphabetically

5thSawWave	86
Accordion	21
AcousticBass	32
AgogoBells	113
AltoSax	65
Applause/Noise	126
Atmosphere	99
BagPipe	109
Bandoneon	23
Banjo	105
BaritoneSax	67
Bass&Lead	87
Bassoon	70
BirdTweet	123
BottleBlow	76
BowedGlass	92
BrassSection	61
BreathNoise	121
Brightness	100
Celesta	8
Cello	42
Charang	84
ChifferLead	83
ChoirAahs	52
ChurchOrgan	19
Clarinet	71
Clavinet	7
CleanGuitar	27
ContraBass	43
Crystal	98
DistortonGuitar	30
EPiano	5
EchoDrops	102
EnglishHorn	69
Fantasia	88
Fiddle	110
FingeredBass	33
Flute	73
FrenchHorn	60
FretlessBass	35
Glockenspiel	9
Goblins	101
GuitarFretNoise	120
GuitarHarmonics	31
GunShot	127
HaloPad	94
Harmonica	22
HarpsiChord	6
HelicopterBlade	125
Honky-TonkPiano	3
IceRain	96
JazzGuitar	26
Kalimba	108
Koto	107
Marimba	12
MelodicTom1	117
MetalPad	93
MusicBox	10
MutedGuitar	28
MutedTrumpet	59
NylonGuitar	24
Oboe	68
Ocarina	79
OrchestraHit	55
OrchestralHarp	46
Organ1	16
Organ2	17
Organ3	18
OverDriveGuitar	29
PanFlute	75
Piano1	0
Piano2	1
Piano3	2
Piccolo	72
PickedBass	34
PizzicatoString	45
PolySynth	90
Recorder	74
ReedOrgan	20
ReverseCymbal	119
RhodesPiano	4
Santur	15
SawWave	81
SeaShore	122
Shakuhachi	77
Shamisen	106
Shanai	111
Sitar	104
SlapBass1	36
SlapBass2	37
SlowStrings	49
SoloVoice	85
SopranoSax	64
SoundTrack	97
SpaceVoice	91
SquareWave	80
StarTheme	103
SteelDrums	114
SteelGuitar	25
Strings	48
SweepPad	95
SynCalliope	82
SynthBass1	38
SynthBass2	39
SynthBrass1	62
SynthBrass2	63
SynthDrum	118
SynthStrings1	50
SynthStrings2	51
SynthVox	54
TaikoDrum	116
TelephoneRing	124
TenorSax	66
Timpani	47
TinkleBell	112
TremoloStrings	44
Trombone	57
Trumpet	56
Tuba	58
TubularBells	14
Vibraphone	11
Viola	41
Violin	40
VoiceOohs	53
WarmPad	89
Whistle	78
WoodBlock	115
Xylophone	13

Voices, By MIDI Value

0	Piano1
1	Piano2
2	Piano3
3	Honky-TonkPiano
4	RhodesPiano
5	EPiano
6	HarpsiChord
7	Clavinet
8	Celesta
9	Glockenspiel
10	MusicBox
11	Vibraphone
12	Marimba
13	Xylophone
14	TubularBells
15	Santur
16	Organ1
17	Organ2
18	Organ3
19	ChurchOrgan
20	ReedOrgan
21	Accordion
22	Harmonica
23	Bandoneon
24	NylonGuitar
25	SteelGuitar
26	JazzGuitar
27	CleanGuitar
28	MutedGuitar
29	OverDriveGuitar
30	DistortonGuitar
31	GuitarHarmonics
32	AcousticBass
33	FingeredBass
34	PickedBass
35	FretlessBass
36	SlapBass1
37	SlapBass2
38	SynthBass1
39	SynthBass2
40	Violin
41	Viola
42	Cello
43	ContraBass
44	TremoloStrings
45	PizzicatoString
46	OrchestralHarp
47	Timpani
48	Strings
49	SlowStrings
50	SynthStrings1
51	SynthStrings2
52	ChoirAahs
53	VoiceOohs
54	SynthVox
55	OrchestraHit
56	Trumpet
57	Trombone
58	Tuba
59	MutedTrumpet
60	FrenchHorn
61	BrassSection
62	SynthBrass1
63	SynthBrass2
64	SopranoSax
65	AltoSax
66	TenorSax
67	BaritoneSax
68	Oboe
69	EnglishHorn
70	Bassoon
71	Clarinet
72	Piccolo
73	Flute
74	Recorder
75	PanFlute
76	BottleBlow
77	Shakuhachi
78	Whistle
79	Ocarina
80	SquareWave
81	SawWave
82	SynCalliope
83	ChifferLead
84	Charang
85	SoloVoice
86	5thSawWave
87	Bass&Lead
88	Fantasia
89	WarmPad
90	PolySynth
91	SpaceVoice
92	BowedGlass
93	MetalPad
94	HaloPad
95	SweepPad
96	IceRain
97	SoundTrack
98	Crystal
99	Atmosphere
100	Brightness
101	Goblins
102	EchoDrops
103	StarTheme
104	Sitar
105	Banjo
106	Shamisen
107	Koto
108	Kalimba
109	BagPipe
110	Fiddle
111	Shanai
112	TinkleBell
113	AgogoBells
114	SteelDrums
115	WoodBlock
116	TaikoDrum
117	MelodicTom1
118	SynthDrum
119	ReverseCymbal
120	GuitarFretNoise
121	BreathNoise
122	SeaShore
123	BirdTweet
124	TelephoneRing
125	HelicopterBlade
126	Applause/Noise
127	GunShot

Drum Notes

When defining a drum tone, you can specify the patch to use with a symbolic constant. Any combination of upper and lower case is permitted. In addition to the drum tone name and the MIDI value, the equivalent ``name'' in $^{superscript}$ is included. The ``names'' may help you find the tones on your keyboard.

Drum Notes, Alphabetically

Cabasa	69$^{A}$
Castanets	84$^{C}$
ChineseCymbal	52$^{E}$
Claves	75$^{E\flat}$
ClosedHiHat	42$^{G\flat}$
CowBell	56$^{A\flat}$
CrashCymbal1	49$^{D\flat}$
CrashCymbal2	57$^{A}$
HandClap	39$^{E\flat}$
HighAgogo	67$^{G}$
HighBongo	60$^{C}$
HighQ	27$^{E\flat}$
HighTimbale	65$^{F}$
HighTom1	50$^{D}$
HighTom2	48$^{C}$
HighWoodBlock	76$^{E}$
JingleBell	83$^{B}$
KickDrum1	36$^{C}$
KickDrum2	35$^{B}$
LongGuiro	74$^{D}$
LongLowWhistle	72$^{C}$
LowAgogo	68$^{A\flat}$
LowBongo	61$^{D\flat}$
LowConga	64$^{E}$
LowTimbale	66$^{G\flat}$
LowTom1	43$^{G}$
LowTom2	41$^{F}$
LowWoodBlock	77$^{F}$
Maracas	70$^{B\flat}$
MetronomeBell	34$^{B\flat}$
MetronomeClick	33$^{A}$
MidTom1	47$^{B}$
MidTom2	45$^{A}$
MuteCuica	78$^{G\flat}$
MuteHighConga	62$^{D}$
MuteSudro	85$^{D\flat}$
MuteTriangle	80$^{A\flat}$
OpenCuica	79$^{G}$
OpenHiHat	46$^{B\flat}$
OpenHighConga	63$^{E\flat}$
OpenSudro	86$^{D}$
OpenTriangle	81$^{A}$
PedalHiHat	44$^{A\flat}$
RideBell	53$^{F}$
RideCymbal1	51$^{E\flat}$
RideCymbal2	59$^{B}$
ScratchPull	30$^{G\flat}$
ScratchPush	29$^{F}$
Shaker	82$^{B\flat}$
ShortGuiro	73$^{D\flat}$
ShortHiWhistle	71$^{B}$
SideKick	37$^{D\flat}$
Slap	28$^{E}$
SnareDrum1	38$^{D}$
SnareDrum2	40$^{E}$
SplashCymbal	55$^{G}$
SquareClick	32$^{A\flat}$
Sticks	31$^{G}$
Tambourine	54$^{G\flat}$
VibraSlap	58$^{B\flat}$

Drum Notes, by MIDI Value

27	HighQ$^{E\flat}$
28	Slap$^{E}$
29	ScratchPush$^{F}$
30	ScratchPull$^{G\flat}$
31	Sticks$^{G}$
32	SquareClick$^{A\flat}$
33	MetronomeClick$^{A}$
34	MetronomeBell$^{B\flat}$
35	KickDrum2$^{B}$
36	KickDrum1$^{C}$
37	SideKick$^{D\flat}$
38	SnareDrum1$^{D}$
39	HandClap$^{E\flat}$
40	SnareDrum2$^{E}$
41	LowTom2$^{F}$
42	ClosedHiHat$^{G\flat}$
43	LowTom1$^{G}$
44	PedalHiHat$^{A\flat}$
45	MidTom2$^{A}$
46	OpenHiHat$^{B\flat}$
47	MidTom1$^{B}$
48	HighTom2$^{C}$
49	CrashCymbal1$^{D\flat}$
50	HighTom1$^{D}$
51	RideCymbal1$^{E\flat}$
52	ChineseCymbal$^{E}$
53	RideBell$^{F}$
54	Tambourine$^{G\flat}$
55	SplashCymbal$^{G}$
56	CowBell$^{A\flat}$
57	CrashCymbal2$^{A}$
58	VibraSlap$^{B\flat}$
59	RideCymbal2$^{B}$
60	HighBongo$^{C}$
61	LowBongo$^{D\flat}$
62	MuteHighConga$^{D}$
63	OpenHighConga$^{E\flat}$
64	LowConga$^{E}$
65	HighTimbale$^{F}$
66	LowTimbale$^{G\flat}$
67	HighAgogo$^{G}$
68	LowAgogo$^{A\flat}$
69	Cabasa$^{A}$
70	Maracas$^{B\flat}$
71	ShortHiWhistle$^{B}$
72	LongLowWhistle$^{C}$
73	ShortGuiro$^{D\flat}$
74	LongGuiro$^{D}$
75	Claves$^{E\flat}$
76	HighWoodBlock$^{E}$
77	LowWoodBlock$^{F}$
78	MuteCuica$^{G\flat}$
79	OpenCuica$^{G}$
80	MuteTriangle$^{A\flat}$
81	OpenTriangle$^{A}$
82	Shaker$^{B\flat}$
83	JingleBell$^{B}$
84	Castanets$^{C}$
85	MuteSudro$^{D\flat}$
86	OpenSudro$^{D}$

MIDI Controllers

When specifying a MIDI Controller in a MIDISEQ or MIDIVOICE command you can use the absolute value in (either as a decimal number or in hexadecimal by prefixing the value with a ``0x''), or the symbolic name in the following tables. The tables have been extracted from information at http://www.midi.org/about-midi/table3.shtml. Note that all the values in these tables are in hexadecimal notation.

Complete reference for this is not a part of MMA . Please refer to a detailed text on MIDI or the manual for your synthesizer.

Controllers, Alphabetically

AllNotesOff	7b
AllSoundsOff	78
AttackTime	49
Balance	08
BalanceLSB	28
Bank	00
BankLSB	20
Breath	02
BreathLSB	22
Brightness	4a
Chorus	5d
Ctrl102	66
Ctrl103	67
Ctrl104	68
Ctrl105	69
Ctrl106	6a
Ctrl107	6b
Ctrl108	6c
Ctrl109	6d
Ctrl110	6e
Ctrl111	6f
Ctrl112	70
Ctrl113	71
Ctrl114	72
Ctrl115	73
Ctrl116	74
Ctrl117	75
Ctrl118	76
Ctrl119	77
Ctrl14	0e
Ctrl15	0f
Ctrl20	14
Ctrl21	15
Ctrl22	16
Ctrl23	17
Ctrl24	18
Ctrl25	19
Ctrl26	1a
Ctrl27	1b
Ctrl28	1c
Ctrl29	1d
Ctrl3	03
Ctrl30	1e
Ctrl31	1f
Ctrl35	23
Ctrl41	29
Ctrl46	2e
Ctrl47	2f
Ctrl52	34
Ctrl53	35
Ctrl54	36
Ctrl55	37
Ctrl56	38
Ctrl57	39
Ctrl58	3a
Ctrl59	3b
Ctrl60	3c
Ctrl61	3d
Ctrl62	3e
Ctrl63	3f
Ctrl79	4f
Ctrl85	55
Ctrl86	56
Ctrl87	57
Ctrl88	58
Ctrl89	59
Ctrl9	09
Ctrl90	5a
Data	06
DataDec	61
DataInc	60
DataLSB	26
DecayTime	4b
Detune	5e
Effect1	0c
Effect1LSB	2c
Effect2	0d
Effect2LSB	2d
Expression	0b
ExpressionLSB	2b
Foot	04
FootLSB	24
General1	10
General1LSB	30
General2	11
General2LSB	31
General3	12
General3LSB	32
General4	13
General4LSB	33
General5	50
General6	51
General7	52
General8	53
Hold2	45
Legato	44
LocalCtrl	7a
Modulation	01
ModulationLSB	21
NonRegLSB	62
NonRegMSB	63
OmniOff	7c
OmniOn	7d
Pan	0a
PanLSB	2a
Phaser	5f
PolyOff	7e
PolyOn	7f
Portamento	05
Portamento	41
PortamentoCtrl	54
PortamentoLSB	25
RegParLSB	64
RegParMSB	65
ReleaseTime	48
ResetAll	79
Resonance	47
Reverb	5b
SoftPedal	43
Sostenuto	42
Sustain	40
Tremolo	5c
Variation	46
VibratoDelay	4e
VibratoDepth	4d
VibratoRate	4c
Volume	07
VolumeLSB	27

Controllers, by Value

00	Bank
01	Modulation
02	Breath
03	Ctrl3
04	Foot
05	Portamento
06	Data
07	Volume
08	Balance
09	Ctrl9
0a	Pan
0b	Expression
0c	Effect1
0d	Effect2
0e	Ctrl14
0f	Ctrl15
10	General1
11	General2
12	General3
13	General4
14	Ctrl20
15	Ctrl21
16	Ctrl22
17	Ctrl23
18	Ctrl24
19	Ctrl25
1a	Ctrl26
1b	Ctrl27
1c	Ctrl28
1d	Ctrl29
1e	Ctrl30
1f	Ctrl31
20	BankLSB
21	ModulationLSB
22	BreathLSB
23	Ctrl35
24	FootLSB
25	PortamentoLSB
26	DataLSB
27	VolumeLSB
28	BalanceLSB
29	Ctrl41
2a	PanLSB
2b	ExpressionLSB
2c	Effect1LSB
2d	Effect2LSB
2e	Ctrl46
2f	Ctrl47
30	General1LSB
31	General2LSB
32	General3LSB
33	General4LSB
34	Ctrl52
35	Ctrl53
36	Ctrl54
37	Ctrl55
38	Ctrl56
39	Ctrl57
3a	Ctrl58
3b	Ctrl59
3c	Ctrl60
3d	Ctrl61
3e	Ctrl62
3f	Ctrl63
40	Sustain
41	Portamento
42	Sostenuto
43	SoftPedal
44	Legato
45	Hold2
46	Variation
47	Resonance
48	ReleaseTime
49	AttackTime
4a	Brightness
4b	DecayTime
4c	VibratoRate
4d	VibratoDepth
4e	VibratoDelay
4f	Ctrl79
50	General5
51	General6
52	General7
53	General8
54	PortamentoCtrl
55	Ctrl85
56	Ctrl86
57	Ctrl87
58	Ctrl88
59	Ctrl89
5a	Ctrl90
5b	Reverb
5c	Tremolo
5d	Chorus
5e	Detune
5f	Phaser
60	DataInc
61	DataDec
62	NonRegLSB
63	NonRegMSB
64	RegParLSB
65	RegParMSB
66	Ctrl102
67	Ctrl103
68	Ctrl104
69	Ctrl105
6a	Ctrl106
6b	Ctrl107
6c	Ctrl108
6d	Ctrl109
6e	Ctrl110
6f	Ctrl111
70	Ctrl112
71	Ctrl113
72	Ctrl114
73	Ctrl115
74	Ctrl116
75	Ctrl117
76	Ctrl118
77	Ctrl119
78	AllSoundsOff
79	ResetAll
7a	LocalCtrl
7b	AllNotesOff
7c	OmniOff
7d	OmniOn
7e	PolyOff
7f	PolyOn

Footnotes

... assumption.^A.1

Sometimes a reliable source agrees with us ... in this case Standardized Chord Symbol Notation is quite clear that ``dim'' is a Diminished 7th and a diminished triad should be notated as mi$^{(\flat{}5)}$.